目的 分析胎儿盆腔及骶尾部肿块的超声影像学表现，探讨超声检查在胎儿复杂性肿块的诊断价值，总结产前诊断胎儿盆腔及骶尾部肿块的临床思路，降低预后较差盆腔及骶尾部肿块胎儿的出生率。方法 总结本院超声产前诊断25例盆腔肿块胎儿的图像特征，对照引产后或出生后结果，并追踪其他相关检查的异常。结果 25例胎儿中，畸胎瘤9例（9/25）、卵巢囊肿6例（6/25）、胎儿巨膀胱5例（5/25）、单纯肛门闭锁1例（1/25）、泄殖腔畸形2例（2/25）、体蒂异常综合征1例（1/25）；1例失访。其中9例畸胎瘤、6例卵巢囊肿、1例单纯肛门闭锁无合并其他异常；5例巨膀胱病例中，1例染色体为18-三体，1例染色体为13-三体，2例为梅干腹综合征（prune belly syndrome，PBS），1例为巨膀胱-小结肠-肠蠕动迟缓综合征（megacystis- microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome，MMIHS）。2例泄殖腔畸形均合并肾积水，1例还合并结肠扩张；1例体蒂异常综合征合并前胸壁及腹壁缺失，心脏、肝脏及肠管外露。结论 胎儿盆腔及骶尾部肿块具有复杂的临床表现，超声检查具有很高的敏感性，为产前首选的检查方法，超声检查需要结合分析其他检查才能对此类胎儿的预后做出正确的评估。
Objective The study aims is to analyze the ultra-sonographic findings of the fetal abdominopelvic cavity lump, investigate the value of the ultrasonography in the diagnosis of the fetal abdominopelvic cavity lump and summarize the clinical thought on the prenatal diagnosis of the abdominopelvic cavity lump to reduce the birth rate of fetuses with abdominopelvic cavity lump who have a poor prognosis. Method The image feature of 25 fetuses with abdominopelvic cavity lump in the hospital was summarized and compared with the results after the induced labour or birth and other related examination abnormity were further traced. Results Among the total of 25 cases of fetuses, there were 9 cases of teratoma (9/25), 6 cases of ovarian cyst, 5 cases of fetal megabladder (5/25), 1 case of simple anal atresia (1/25), 2 cases of cloacal deformity (2/25) and 1 case of body stalk anomaly. One case failed to be followed up. Of those, 9 cases of teratoma, 6 cases of ovarian cyst, and 1 case of simple anal atresia were not accompanied by other abnormities; among 5 cases of fetal megabladder, there were one case of trisomy 18 and trisomy 13 respectively, 2 cases of prune belly syndrome and one case of MMIHS. Both two cases of cloacal deformity were combined with hydronephrosis and one of them was also accompanied with colauxe; one case of body stalk anomaly was combined with the absence of anterior chest wall and abdominal wall and the exposure of heart, liver and intestinal canal. Conclusions The fetal abdominopelvic cavity lump has complex clinical manifestation, and the ultrasonic examination is preferred as the prenatal examination method for its high sensitivity. Moreover, the prognosis of such fetuses could be assessed correctly in combination of analysis on other examinations.
